تويت
المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة feras
مافيش حد أحسن من حد..هههه
We are equal now
however thanks for the correction
regards
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الان أصبحنا متساويين يا ابني فراس وعلى قول المصريين
مافيش حد أحسن من حد..هههه
We are equal now
however thanks for the correction
regards
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة feras
Oh Teacher & Boss at the same time?
!!
So you must be a good student & quick at learning !
Great !
Thanks a lot
مع اعتذراي الشديد لاخوي طائر المساء لان تمت مداخله خارج الموضوع ,
تحياتي واحترامي لك ياخوي وانا بأنتظار التكملة
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة baanwell done dear fattema
regards
You're welcome sweet sis Ban
اخوي الكريم طائر المساء اكرر اعتذراي على هذه المداخلات اللي خارج الموضوع ..
أطيب تحية وبانتظاركم ياخوي ,
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة Fattema!! Bravo dear brother 6a2er Al-Masa
What a wonderful sharing ! Full of great & interesting information
Waiting for the continuation
Have a great day
Many thanks to you my dear sister Fattema
Insha-Allah I will post the continuation after few minutes
And today Insha-Allah we will complete the topic of The Solar System
I really hope you liked this journey through our Solar System 
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة baanwhat can I say when I see my good brother did
all his best to let us read such a brilliant topic
Good bless you
my I wish you success in your life
and joy in your heart
best regards
your sister
baan
حياكم الله اختي الفاضلة بان
Welcome dear sister baan
I'm very happy to read such sweet words and nice comment from my dear sister
I'm so thankful to you for that
Have a nice journey with us
May Allah Reward you
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة feras
حياكم الله اخي فراس
Welcome dear brother feras
I'm very happy to see you here too
Have a nice journey
تعليق
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لا داعي للإعتذار أبداً اختي الفاضلة فاطمةالمشاركة الأصلية بواسطة Fattema
اخوي الكريم طائر المساء اكرر اعتذراي على هذه المداخلات اللي خارج الموضوع ..
أطيب تحية وبانتظاركم ياخوي ,
فقد استمتعت بمداخلاتكم اللطيفة جميعاً
وها أنا ذا سأكمل الموضوع إن شاء الله
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Farthest regionsThe point at which the Solar System ends and interstellar space begins is not precisely defined, since its outer boundaries are shaped by two separate forces: the solar wind and the Sun's gravity. The outer limit of the solar wind's influence is roughly four times Pluto's distance from the Sun; this heliopause is considered the beginning of the interstellar medium. However, the Sun's Roche sphere, the effective range of its gravitational dominance, is believed to extend up to a thousand times farther
The Voyagers entering the heliosheath
HeliopauseThe heliosphere is divided into two separate regions. The solar wind travels at roughly 400 km/s until it collides with the interstellar wind; the flow of plasma in the interstellar medium. The collision occurs at the termination shock, which is roughly 80–100 AU from the Sun upwind of the interstellar medium and roughly 200 AU from the Sun downwind. Here the wind slows dramatically, condenses and becomes more turbulent, forming a great oval structure known as the heliosheath. This structure is believed to look and behave very much like a comet's tail, extending outward for a further 40 AU on the upwind side but tailing many times that distance downwind; but evidence from the Cassini and Interstellar Boundary Explorer spacecraft has suggested that it is in fact forced into a bubble shape by the constraining action of the interstellar magnetic field. Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 are reported to have passed the termination shock and entered the heliosheath, at 94 and 84 AU from the Sun, respectively. The outer boundary of the heliosphere, the heliopause, is the point at which the solar wind finally terminates and is the beginning of interstellar spaceThe shape and form of the outer edge of the heliosphere is likely affected by the fluid dynamics of interactions with the interstellar medium as well as solar magnetic fields prevailing to the south, e.g. it is bluntly shaped with the northern hemisphere extending 9 AU (roughly 900 million miles) farther than the southern hemisphere. Beyond the heliopause, at around 230 AU, lies the bow shock, a plasma "wake" left by the Sun as it travels through the Milky WayNo spacecraft have yet passed beyond the heliopause, so it is impossible to know for certain the conditions in local interstellar space. It is expected that NASA's Voyager spacecraft will pass the heliopause some time in the next decade and transmit valuable data on radiation levels and solar wind back to the Earth. How well the heliosphere shields the Solar System from cosmic rays is poorly understood. A NASA-funded team has developed a concept of a "Vision Mission" dedicated to sending a probe to the heliosphere
Oort cloudThe hypothetical Oort cloud is a spherical cloud of up to a trillion icy objects that is believed to be the source for all long-period comets and to surround the Solar System at roughly 50,000 AU (around 1 light-year (LY)), and possibly to as far as 100,000 AU (1.87 LY). It is believed to be composed of comets which were ejected from the inner Solar System by gravitational interactions with the outer planets. Oort cloud objects move very slowly, and can be perturbed by infrequent events such as collisions, the gravitational effects of a passing star, or the galactic tide, the tidal force exerted by the Milky Way
An artist's rendering of the Oort Cloud, the Hills Cloud, and the Kuiper belt (inset
SednaSedna (525.86 AU average) is a large, reddish Pluto-like object with a gigantic, highly elliptical orbit that takes it from about 76 AU at perihelion to 928 AU at aphelion and takes 12,050 years to complete. Mike Brown, who discovered the object in 2003, asserts that it cannot be part of the scattered disc or the Kuiper belt as its perihelion is too distant to have been affected by Neptune's migration. He and other astronomers consider it to be the first in an entirely new population, which also may include the object 2000 CR105, which has a perihelion of 45 AU, an aphelion of 415 AU, and an orbital period of 3,420 years. Brown terms this population the "Inner Oort cloud," as it may have formed through a similar process, although it is far closer to the Sun. Sedna is very likely a dwarf planet, though its shape has yet to be determined with certaintyBoundariesMuch of our Solar System is still unknown. The Sun's gravitational field is estimated to dominate the gravitational forces of surrounding stars out to about two light years (125,000 AU). Lower estimates for the radius of the Oort cloud, by contrast, do not place it farther than 50,000 AU. Despite discoveries such as Sedna, the region between the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud, an area tens of thousands of AU in radius, is still virtually unmapped. There are also ongoing studies of the region between Mercury and the Sun. Objects may yet be discovered in the Solar System's uncharted regions
To Be Continued
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Galactic context
The Solar System is located in the Milky Way galaxy, a barred spiral galaxy with a diameter of about 100,000 light-years containing about 200 billion stars. Our Sun resides in one of the Milky Way's outer spiral arms, known as the Orion Arm or Local Spur. The Sun lies between 25,000 and 28,000 light years from the Galactic Centre, and its speed within the galaxy is about 220 kilometres per second, so that it completes one revolution every 225–250 million years. This revolution is known as the Solar System's galactic year. The solar apex, the direction of the Sun's path through interstellar space, is near the constellation of Hercules in the direction of the current loca tion of the bright star Vega. The plane of the Solar System's ecliptic lies nearly at right angles (86.5°) to the galactic plane.The Solar System's loca tion in the galaxy is very likely a factor in the evolution of life on Earth. Its orbit is close to being circular and is at roughly the same speed as that of the spiral arms, which means it passes through them only rarely. Since spiral arms are home to a far larger concentration of potentially dangerous supernovae, this has given Earth long periods of interstellar stability for life to evolve. The Solar System also lies well outside the star-crowded environs of the galactic centre. Near the centre, gravitational tugs from nearby stars could perturb bodies in the Oort Cloud and send many comets into the inner Solar System, producing collisions with potentially catastrophic implications for life on Earth. The intense radiation of the galactic centre could also interfere with the development of complex life. Even at the Solar System's current loca tion, some scientists have hypothesised that recent supernovae may have adversely affected life in the last 35,000 years by flinging pieces of expelled stellar core towards the Sun as radioactive dust grains and larger, comet-like bodies
Loca tion of the Solar System within our galaxy
NeighbourhoodThe immediate galactic neighbourhood of the Solar System is known as the Local Interstellar Cloud or Local Fluff, an area of dense cloud in an otherwise sparse region known as the Local Bubble, an hourglass-shaped cavity in the interstellar medium roughly 300 light years across. The bubble is suffused with high-temperature plasma that suggests it is the product of several recent supernovae.There are relatively few stars within ten light years (95 trillion km) of the Sun. The closest is the triple star system Alpha Centauri, which is about 4.4 light years away. Alpha Centauri A and B are a closely tied pair of Sun-like stars, while the small red dwarf Alpha Centauri C (also known as Proxima Centauri) orbits the pair at a distance of 0.2 light years. The stars next closest to the Sun are the red dwarfs Barnard's Star (at 5.9 light years), Wolf 359 (7.8 light years) and Lalande 21185 (8.3 light years). The largest star within ten light years is Sirius, a bright main sequence star roughly twice the Sun's mass and orbited by a white dwarf called Sirius B. It lies 8.6 light years away. The remaining systems within ten light years are the binary red dwarf system Luyten 726-8 (8.7 light years) and the solitary red dwarf Ross 154 (9.7 light years). Our closest solitary sun-like star is Tau Ceti, which lies 11.9 light years away. It has roughly 80 percent the Sun's mass, but only 60 percent its luminosity. The closest known extrasolar planet to the Sun lies around the star Epsilon Eridani, a star slightly dimmer and redder than the Sun, which lies 10.5 light years away. Its one confirmed planet, Epsilon Eridani b, is roughly 1.5 times Jupiter's mass and orbits its star every 6.9 years
Formation and evolution
The Solar System formed from the gravitational collapse of a giant molecular cloud 4.6 billion years ago. This initial cloud was likely several light-years across and probably birthed several stars.As the region that would become the Solar System, known as the pre-solar nebula, collapsed, conservation of angular momentum made it rotate faster. The centre, where most of the mass collected, became increasingly hotter than the surrounding disc. As the contracting nebula rotated, it began to flatten into a spinning protoplanetary disc with a diameter of roughly 200 AU and a hot, dense protostar at the centre. At this point in its evolution, the Sun is believed to have been a T Tauri star. Studies of T Tauri stars show that they are often accompanied by discs of pre-planetary matter with masses of 0.001–0.1 solar masses, with the vast majority of the mass of the nebula in the star itself. The planets formed by accretion from this disk.Within 50 million years, the pressure and density of hydrogen in the centre of the protostar became great enough for it to begin thermonuclear fusion. The temperature, reaction rate, pressure, and density increased until hydrostatic equilibrium was achieved, with the thermal energy countering the force of gravitational contraction. At this point the Sun became a full-fledged main sequence star.The Solar System as we know it today will last until the Sun begins its evolution off of the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. As the Sun burns through its supply of hydrogen fuel, the energy output supporting the core tends to decrease, causing it to collapse in on itself. This increase in pressure heats the core, so it burns even faster. As a result, the Sun is growing brighter at a rate of roughly ten percent every 1.1 billion years.Around 5.4 billion years from now, the hydrogen in the core of the Sun will have been entirely converted to helium, ending the main sequence phase. At this time, the outer layers of the Sun will expand to roughly up to 260 times its current diameter; the Sun will become a red giant. Because of its vastly increased surface area, the surface of the Sun will be considerably cooler than it is on the main sequence (2600 K at the coolest).Eventually, the Sun's outer layers will fall away, leaving a white dwarf, an extraordinarily dense object, half the original mass of the Sun but only the size of the Earth. The ejected outer layers will form what is known as a planetary nebula, returning some of the material that formed the Sun to the interstellar medium
Done
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And it's well-done indeed !!
Dear brother 6a2er Al-Masa
Your journey was really amazing ! We're so happy to keep participating with you in such an awesome topic
The ending was interesting,too
Ummmm Wondering if there will be another journey in the future !! Who knows?!
Anyway ! Many Many thanks to you for this great post. It's really worth reading
Best of Luck Insha-Allah
Truly
Fatima
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=====المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة طائر المساء
حياكم الله اخي فراس
Welcome dear brother feras
I'm very happy to see you here too
Have a nice journey
Salam dear طائر المساء
I am here just following & watching..
thanksتعليق
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dear brother طائر المساء
I appreciate your great efforts
in this nice topic. I wish you a wonderful and blessed life
in sha_Allah
Frankly
We enjoyed this journey
best regards
your sister
baan تعليق
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة FattemaAnd it's well-done indeed !!
Dear brother 6a2er Al-Masa
Your journey was really amazing ! We're so happy to keep participating with you in such an awesome topic
The ending was interesting,too
Ummmm Wondering if there will be another journey in the future !! Who knows?!
Anyway ! Many Many thanks to you for this great post. It's really worth reading
Best of Luck Insha-Allah
Truly
Fatima
Actually, I'm very grateful to you dear sister Fatima
Very thankful for your lovely participation and your continuous encouragement
And pretty happy that the journey was interesting to you
As you said: who knows ? may be there will be another journey in the future, I really do not know too , But let's say: If Allah wanted Insha-Allah
Thank you very very much
May Allah keep you and protect you
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة ferasوعليكم السلام والرحمة والإكرامThank you so much dear brother feras for your following with us
May Allah Bless you
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المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة baandear brother طائر المساء
I appreciate your great efforts
in this nice topic. I wish you a wonderful and blessed life
in sha_Allah
Frankly
We enjoyed this journey
best regards
your sister
baan
Many thanks to you dear sister baan
Glad to hear that you enjoyed the journey
May Allah Bless you and protect you
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